Saw-machine.



P. R. KRAMER.

SAW MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED MAR.26,1908.

9275551 Patented July 13, 1909. v 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES:

P. R. KRAMER. SAW MACHINE. APPLICATION TILED MAR. 26,1908.

Patented July 13,1909.

3BHEETS-BHEET 2.

ATTORNEY P. R. KRAMER.

SAW MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAE. 26,1908.

927,551 Patented July 13, 1909.

3 SHEET8SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE; PHILIP R'.-KRAMER, or BAY CITY, MICHIGAN,AssIGNoa T EDWARD o; EWEN, or SAGINAW,

- MICHIGAN. v

SAW-MACHINE Specification 01 Letters Patent.

I atented Jul 13, 1909.

, To all whom it may concern: a

. Be it known that I, PHILIP It. KRAMER, a

citizen of the United Statues; residing at Bay City, in the county ofBay and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Saw-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full,

. clear, and exact description of the invention,

" such as will enable others skilled in the art to "which it appertainsto make and use the.

same.

My invention relates to sawing machines and more particularly toportable drag saw machines. I

One object-of my invention is to provide a machine which will cutdownstanding timber and stumps, the machine being capable of cutting thetimber or stumps at the base right at the ground, or at some higherpoint if necessary or desired.

Another object is to provide a machine which will not only fell standingtimber or stumps, but also cut up fallen timber into logs or shorterlengths for shingle or cooper age bolts, etc. 1

Still another object'is toprovide a simple, inexpensive machine ofdurable construction which will more speedily cut off a stu np or fell atree'and cut it into logs and bolts? than heretofore A further object isto provide a machine capable of easy transportation bythe ordinary handsawing crew of two men, and one which is inexpensive to operate andmaintain in order.

A still further object is the provision of a machine wherein the poweristransmitted to the saw gradually by a friction drive.

Heretofore toothedgears have been employed to transmit tive drive, causedamage to both saw and machine in case the saw buckles or binds, whereaswith my friction drive this danger is obviated by the friction slipping.Former machines were made too heavy for rapid trans ortation away fromdanger of destruction y falling trees, such as is sometimes necessarywhen felling trees, and too heavy for convenient moving or logto log.For these reasons, the former constructions are impractical andinefficient if not absolutely inoperative.

power, and being a posi- 'the rest; Fig. 8

from tree to tree- In my invention I provide a machine cap able of easyand quick transportationso light that two men can carry the wholeoutfit, but sufficiently powerful to saw through the hardest tree, log,stump or timber, the machine being equipped with a motor running at highspeed, the power being transmitted to the saw through a friction insteadof a toothed gear. L

' Another object of my invention is the provision of means forpreventing flexure of the saw when starting its cut. I

A' further object is the provision of means for automatically guidingand feeding the saw to the timber or stump.

A still further object is the provision of means supporting the sawintermediate the machine and the tree or log.

Still another object is the provision of means for controlling the speedof reciprocation of the saw. r

Stillanother object is the provision of means for sawinghorizontally andchanging the saw to cut perpendicularly almost instantaneously withoutin anyway changing the machine itself.

To these and other ends my invention consists in certain novel featuresand combinawill be more fully de- 'sbribed hereinafter and particularlypointed tions of parts, such as out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side View of.one form of myinvention; Fig. 2 IS a top plan view; Fig. 3 is an end view of the motorand its support; Fig. 4 IS a detail.

side view of the saw and saw bar showing the manner of its attachment tothe connecting pins; Fig. 5 is a top plan View of the head carried bythe saw bar; Fig. 6 is a detail side view of the means forpreventing'flexure of the saw; Fig. 7

is adetall side view of the saw-feeding means; Fig. 9 is a detail viewof a fork; and Fig. 10 is a detail view of one means,

for/connecting the extensions to'the legs of the frame. a

This invention is particularly designed for b oth felling standingtimber and stumps and cutting fallen trees or logs into logs and boltsrespectively, 'both acts being accomplished by instantly changing t headwithout disturbing the balanceot the is a detail perspective view of hesaw barxon the.

ion

. machine, The machine is en u ally applicable for sawing large or smalltimbers of every sort, whether in perpendicular or horizontal positions.To provide a practical machine of this nature, it is necessary to reducethe weight to enable it to be easily and quickly 'lifted and transportedby hand.

In my invention I provide a verticallylocated internal combustion engineand frame, the'base of the engine being apart of I the complete framecasting and adapted to transmlt power through a friction gearlng toacrank and link reciprocating in a horizontal plane. Means controllingthe friction gearshaft (2) joui'naled in theframe. 3O

ciprocation of the crank and link.

ing is provided for regulating the speed of re- The link actuates asliding- 'cross-head by which the saw is driven.

In felling standing timber and stumps the saw is held horizontally andis fed in a horizontal plane through the tree. The machine is capable ofcutting much closer to the ground than can be done manually and henceeffects an immense saving-in timber.

Referring'to the drawings, (A) indicates any suitable frame on which ismounted a vertical internal combustion motor (1) of any approved typeadapted to drive a horizontal The shaft is provided with a spokedfly-wheel (3) and a beveled friction pinion ll), the pinion engaging abeveled friction disk (5) secured to a 'n aled in the frame. v I crank(7) is carried by the counter-shaft and.

vertically-extendingj counter-shaft (6) j onr- A' horizontally-rotatin gat its outer end is secured to a horizontallyextending link (8), thefree end of which is saw (21).

fastened to a cross-head (9) sliding in ways (10), which are connectedto cross-pieces (10) supported by the legs (14), of themachine andinturn serve to stiffen and strengthen the machine. A saw bar (23) isconnected at one end wi th either of studs (18) or (19) on cross-head(9), the opposite end of the saw bar (23) being connected w th a Bymountmgthe motor vertically I pro vide less vibration than would becaused to the machine if driven by a horizontal engine,

the verticalmotion of the engine serving to coun ter-act the horizontalmotion'of the saw.

providing a friction gearing the motorcanbe driven at high speed, atwhich all mo tors operate best, in that it produces power proportionatetoits speed, such speed being reduced in the gearing so as not toreciprocate the saw too swiftly. Furthermore, in case the saw buckles orworks hard the friction gearing will slip to prevent breaking of the sawor machine.' Toothed gears would cause a breakage of the saw and itsconnected parts.

It willbe observed that by the above 91- rangement'of parts I haveconverted'the vertical reciprocating movementfofthe iston in the motorinto thehorizontal'osc atory spread apart as shown toresist' vibrationand steady the machine. The legs are equipped with pins (16) adapted tobe received in the recessed lugs (17") of a beam (17). outer end of thebeam is provided with a tooth (17) adapted to take into a log tooperation. As the ground is often rough and the place where the machinemust stand is the base of the tree or stump, I provide the avoid thedisadvantages resulting from posithe cut which is tobe made. (14) areslidingly mounted on the legs and with handles (15) to permitthe machineto be carried from place toplace. The front legs of the machine may alsobe provided".-

The

hold the log steady while the machine is in legs (14) (14) withextensions (14) (14 to tioning the machine on a different level from 2The extensions The fr ameis supported by the legs (14) V often on adifferent level from the ground at are held in place by any suitablefastening,

such as (14 By the use of these extension to the level of the cut. Theextension legs also permit the machine to be lifted more on one sidethan the other or inclined from front to rear or vice verse to adaptthesaw to "cut at small an'glesbetween the horizontal and vertical planes.r

Heretofore it has been customaryto shift will cut fallen timberto aosition Where it will out standing timber. n' my invention, it is merelynecessary to change the saw on vthe'studs (18) (19), the machineremaining inits normal osition. To this end, I pro- 'vide thecross-liead (9) with a"verticallyand a horizontally-projecting stud (18)and (19) respectively, the studs being each provided With acircumferential groove (20).. The

yoke (22) mounted on one end of the saw ba r"(23 ),..the oppositeend erthe bar (23) carrying a lockinghead (25). -The, locking head consists ofa split sleeve adapted to fit rover either'one of the studs (18) or(19). A semi circumferential slot (26) is formed through the sleeve. Alatch. (27-')" 1;is pivoted atone-end to the sleeve, the latch'carryinga key (28) passing throughthe slot (26):51113 "i'I niay. provide asnap-spring (29) adapted to legs (14) (14), the machine may be raisedI00 the entire machine from a position where it eel of the saw (21) issecured in. a'socketed rece vable in the groove.'(2 0), in the studs.Inorder to hold 'the latch in closed position the saw is connected tostud (18') this manner the saw is substantially journaled on either ofthe studs (I8),o'r (19).

When felling standing timber or stumps, by means of the locking headdescribed.

The saw bar maybe of any suitable length and I may provideeach machinewith bars of different lengths. .When a long bar is employed the machineis stationed some distance from the tree proportionately out of dangerwhen the tree falls. .The longer rod (operates in a radius of a largecircle and is more effective in sawing felled timber of lar e'diameterinto logs, if desired.

n fel l ing standing timber or stu'o'ips'it becomes necessary to supportthe saw to prevent flexing, to which end I provide a stiffen ing bar(30) equipped intermediate its ends with wings (31), between which isreceived the back of the saw. The opposite ends of the stiffening barare provided with clasping fingers (32') (32 taking over the back of thesaw at or near the opposite ends thereof. The stiffening bar preventsthe flexiblesaw from bending when first started into the standing timberand when the saw has entered the tree far enough for the treeto' touchthis stiffening bar (30) of the wings (31), the. tree will push thebar'off onto the ground and it will not be necessary to stop themachinery for its removal. The stiffening bar is not needed after thesaw has entered the tree, thus far as the tree itself supports the sawthereafter.

In sawing the fallen trees into logs, or logs into: bolts, I drive aformed iece of metal, such as shown in Fig. 9 over t e saw into the logor bolt, the saw being within the tines of said formandguided by saidform. This form is not necessary but may prove useful under someconditions, and insures the cut being made at a proper angle to the log.

In order to support the saw when cutting horizontally I preferably drivea rest (33) into/the tree as shown in Fig. 1 the saw heing supportedbythe rest. it is desirable to-sup 'port the saw bar as well, to which endI provide hollow standards (34) (34) adapted to receive the pins (35)(35), in which is journaled therolls (36). The pins are adjustablerelative to.the standards so as to sup-' port the saw bar,.(23) inhorizontal position.

Y roll (41) or other anti-friction device.

I saw bar (23) is received between the roll and As one means forautomatically feeding the saw against the timber when felling standingtrees or stum s I provide a stake (87) capable of being driven Into theground.

The stake is equipped with a plurality of rings (38), any one of whichis adapted to be releasably enga ed by one end of a tensionspring (39).i" T is opposite end of the spring carries a bail: (40), in which isjournaleTd1 a the bail andthe tension of spring (39) opin a verticalerates' tocause the engagement of the saw teeth with the timber at alltimes.

The free end of the saw may have a handle (42) secured thereto to enablethe operator to quickly swing the saw and saw her on the stud (18) as apivot away from the tree when spring (39') is disengzgged from itsstake, to prlelvent injury to the saw when the treefa' s.

The machine will do the work of severalcre'ws of .men and i'naterial'lylessen the expense of felling trees and sawing them into logs, orcutting off stumps. The upkeep of the machine is small, nor is it liableto get out of order. It is strong and durable yet simple in constructionand easily transported owing to its light weight. T he rolls (36) and(41) reduce the friction to a minimum and the feeding device obviatesthe em'ployment of a special man for this purpose. The saving in timberheretofore lost in stum-page is enormous. Substitution .of one art foranother or repairs can be easily am quickly made on the ground. p

In practice the saw bar (23) may be fromsix to twelve feet long and thesaw itself from six to nine feet long. In felling'standing timber, thesaw is supported (aside from the roll 36) at two points, namely, by thelocking head (25) connecting the saw bar to the crosshead and at theoint of enga ement of the saw and tree. T e length of the reciprocatingsaw and saw bar is such that the saw can be slightly inc-lined eitherdownwardly. or upwardly without impairing the effectiveness of. itsoperation tocut a tree down close to the ground or say two feet or moreabove the ground level. Another advantage is that the crank (7) isrotated in a horizontal direction by the friction gears to give the sawa comparatively slow movement at the oppo-- site ends of its stroke,which movement in creases in speed as the saw nears the intermediateportion of its stroke. A jerky mnvement is imparted toa saw by a gearrotating lane or toa saw driven by direct piston rive. The liability ofthe saw buckling or breaking is reduced to a minimum, as the saw doesnot attain full speed until after it has completed a portion of its cut.A direct drive starts the saw at high speed.

It is evident that changes mi ht be made frame, guides on'the frame,across head on the guides, friction caring. driven by the motor, meanscontrol ing'the engagemen t of the friction gearing, transmission meanscon-.

necting the gearing and the cross head, a saw,

the saw and the cross head. the saw bar bein U pivotally connected tothe cross head, and

- 'means for retaining the saw in operative con tact with the Work.

2. The combination in a sawing machine,

slitlable on the guides, studs carried by the cross head and projectingat substantially right angles to each other, a saw, a saw bar, one endof which is connected to the saw, a locking head connected with theopposite end of the saw bar and pivotally receivable on either of thestuds, means for holding the saw in operative contact with the work, andmeans for actuating the cross head.

3 A portable sawing machine, comprising a frame, a motor mountedthereon, a cross head slidable on the frame, transi'nission meansconnecting the motor and cross head, such means including frictiongearing, studs carried by the cross head and projectingat approximatelyright angles to each other, the

studs each being recessed, a saw, a slotted locking head connected withthe saw and receivable on either of the studs, a latch pivoted to thelocking head and a key carried by the latch and receivable through theslot of the latch in the recess in the stud.

-4. A portable sawing machine comprising a frame, a motor mountedthereon, a slidable cross head on the frame, means connecting the motorand cross head for actuating the latter, studs carried by the cross headand projecting at an angle to each other, the studseach bemg recessed, asaw, a slotted locking head connected with the saw and receivable oneither stud, a latch pivoted to the locking head, a key carried b thelatclnand receivable in the recess in the stud and means for releasablyretaining the latch in closed position.

5. The combination with a reciprocating cross head and means foractuating the 'cross head, of a stud carried by the head, the stud beingcircumferentially grooved, a saw, a saw bar to which the saw isconnected, a locking the cross head and projecting at substan tiallyright angles to each other, asaw, a socketed. yoke secured to the saw, alocking head ')ivotally receivable upon either of the studs, a remo'\able saw barv connecting the yoke and head, and means for holding thesaw in operative engagement with the work.

7. The combinationin a portable sawing machine with a reciprocatingcross heall,

between the saw and cross head and in alinement with the saw, one end ofthe saw bar being connected with the heel of, the saw, means forpivotally securing the opposite end ol'the saw bar to the cross head,the saw bar operating to separate the cross head and saw,

and'a saw, of a saw in removably interposed and means for holding thesaw in operative engagement with the work. a

S. A portable sawing machine for felling standing timber or stumps,comprising a reciprocating cross-head, moans for actuating the same, asaw connected with the crosshead, and adapted to'cut horizontally, andvmeans applied to the saw for preventing [lexure thereoh'said meansconsisting of 'a stiffening bar extending substantially paral lel withthe saw, clasping fingers near the ends of the bar adapted to receivethe back of the saw near its opposite ends and wings adaptedto embraceand support the saw, intermediate its ends. I

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature in presence of two\vlitnesses.

' PHlLIP, it. KRAMER. Witnesses:

MELVIN BERRY, SARAH [1. JENmNs.

